1. Parley P. Pratt, Speeches, 8 and 11 April 1847, Miscellaneous Minutes, in Library-Archives, Historical Division, Historical Department of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Salt Lake City, Utah; hereafter cited as LDS Church Archives.

2. Robert A. Trennert Jr., “The Mormons and the Office of Indian Affairs: The Conflict over Winter Quarters, 1846–1848,” Nebraska History 53 (Fall 1972): 381–400.

3. John D. Lee, Journals of John D. Lee, 1846–47 and 1859, ed. Charles Kelly (Salt Lake City: Western Printing Company, 1938), 43–57.

4. Brigham Young to John Miller, 4 April 1847, National Archives and Records Service, Record Group 75, Letters Received, Office of Indian Affairs, Council Bluffs Agency (microfilm, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah); hereafter cited as Office of Indian Affairs, Council Bluffs.

5. John Miller to Brigham Young, 4 April 1847, Office of Indian Affairs, Council Bluffs.

6. Brigham Young to the Brethren at Winter Quarters, 16 April 1847, Brigham Young Papers, LDS Church Archives; Robert Campbell, Journal, 14 April 1847, LDS Church Archives; Hosea Stout, On the Mormon Frontier: The Diary of Hosea Stout, 1844–1866, ed. Juanita Brooks, 2 vols. (Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1964), 2:547; Manuscript History of Brigham Young 1846–1847, 15 April 1847, ed. Eldon Watson (Salt Lake City: Published by author, 1971), 548.

7. Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, 247–50; Campbell, Journal, 18 April 1847.

8. Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, 250–51; Campbell, Journal, 19–21 April 1847.

9. Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, 250–51; Campbell, Journal, 19–21 April 1847; Meeting, 19 April 1847, Miscellaneous Minutes.

10. Meeting, 19 April 1847, Miscellaneous Minutes.

11. Ibid.

12. Meeting, 20 April 1847, Miscellaneous Minutes; Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, 251; Campbell, Journal, 20 April 1847.

13. Minutes of Council, 22 April 1847, Miscellaneous Minutes.

14. Ibid.

15. Campbell, Journal, 24 April 1847; Meeting of Council, 24–25 April 1847, Miscellaneous Minutes; Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, 252.

16. Ibid.

17. Meeting at the Stand, 25 April 1847, Miscellaneous Minutes; Campbell, Journal, 25 April 1847; Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, 252.

18. Ibid.

19. Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, 27 April 1847 to 1 May 1847, 252–53; Lee, Journals of John D. Lee, 7 May 1847, 162.

20. Meeting at the Stand, 25 April 1847, Miscellaneous Minutes. I have introduced minimal punctuation and capitalization.

21. Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, 252–53; Lee, Journals of John D. Lee, 7 May 1847, 162.

22. Meeting, 2 May 1847, Miscellaneous Minutes; Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, 2 May 1847, 253; Campbell, Journal, 2 May 1847; Mary Haskin Parker Richards, Journal, 2 May 1847, LDS Church Archives.

23. Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, 7 May 1847, 253–54.

24. Thomas H. Harvey to William Medill, 17 May 1847, Letters Received, Office of Indian Affairs, 1824–81, St. Louis Superintendency (microfilm, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University), hereafter cited as Office of Indian Affairs, St. Louis; John Miller to Thomas H. Harvey, 10 September 1847, Office of Indian Affairs. Council Bluffs.

25. Thomas L. Kane to William Marcy, 20 April 1847; Kane to Medill, 21 April 1847; Medill to Marcy, 24 April 1847; Kane to Medill, 24 April 1847; all in Office of Indian Affairs, St. Louis.

26. Meeting, 9 May 1847, Miscellaneous Minutes; Campbell, Journal, 9 May 1847; Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, 9 May 1847, 254; Mary Haskin Parker Richards, Journal, 9 May 1847. Minimal punctuation introduced.

27. Ibid.

28. Thomas H. Harvey to William Medill, 17 May 1847, Office of Indian Affairs, St. Louis; John Miller to Thomas H. Harvey, 10 September 1847, Office of Indian Affairs, Council Bluffs.

29. Medill to Marcy, 24 April 1847, Office of Indian Affairs, St. Louis.

30. Meeting, 20 and 23 May 1847, Miscellaneous Minutes.

31. Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, 25 May 1847, 256–58; Campbell, Journal, 25 May 1847.

32. Meeting, 30 May 1847, Miscellaneous Minutes.

33. Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, 1 June 1847, 258.

34. Campbell, Journal, 5 June 1847; Ann Agatha Walker Pratt, Reminiscences; Peregrine Sessions, Journal, 40; Patty Sessions, Journal, 5 June 1847; all in LDS Church Archives.

35. Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, 19–25 June 1847, 261–64; Campbell, Journal, 19–25 June 1847.

36. Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, January 1848, 290–300.

37. Brigham Young to Brethren at Winter Quarters, 16 April 1847, Brigham Young Papers.

38. Manuscript History of Brigham Young, 502–24; The Doctrine and Covenants of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Salt Lake City: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1966), 254–56; Stout, Diary of Hosea Stout, 14 June 1847, 227–29; Lee, Journals of John D. Lee, 44–57.

39. Manuscript History of Brigham Young, 503–31; Lee, Journals of John D. Lee, 75–103; Gordon Irving, “The Law of Adoption: One Phase of the Development of the Mormon Concept of Salvation, 1830–1900,” Brigham Young University Studies 14 (Spring 1974): 291–314.

40. Manuscript History of Brigham Young, 538–43; Lee, Journals of John D. Lee, 130–36.

41. Campbell, Journal, 15 June 1847.

42. Minutes, 6 June 1847, Miscellaneous Minutes. Minimal punctuation introduced.

43. Kirtland High Council Minute Record, January–March 1835, LDS Church Archives; Minutes of Quorum of Twelve, 1835, Miscellaneous Minutes of Quorum of Twelve, LDS Church Archives.

44. D. Michael Quinn, “The Evolution of the Presiding Quorums of the LDS Church,” Journal of Mormon History 1 (1974): 21–38; D. Michael Quinn, “The Mormon Succession Crisis of 1844,” BYU Studies 16 (Winter 1976): 187–233; Ronald K. Esplin, “Joseph, Brigham and the Twelve: A Succession of Continuity,” BYU Studies 21 (Summer 1981): 301–41; James B. Allen and Malcolm R. Thorp, “The Mission of the Twelve to England, 1840–41: Mormon Apostles and the Working Classes,” BYU Studies 15 (Summer 1975): 499–526; Millennial Star, vols. 1–9; The Prophet, ed. Parley P. Pratt; New York Messenger; William Smith to Brigham Young, August 1844, Brigham Young Papers.

45. Parley P. Pratt to Orson Hyde, 9 November 1846, Parley P. Pratt Papers, LDS Church Archives.

46. Meeting, 23 May 1847, Minutes, Miscellaneous Minutes. Minimal punctuation introduced.

47. Campbell, Journal, 15 June 1847.

48. Fred Douglas Duehlmeier, “The 1847 Mormon Migration” (Master’s thesis, University of Utah, 1977); Campbell, Journal, 15 June 1847.

49. Campbell, Journal, 15 June 1847. Minimal punctuation introduced and briefhand expanded.

50. Ibid.

51. Meeting, 24 June 1847, Miscellaneous Minutes; Jacob Gates, Journal, 20 June–23 October 1847; Patty Sessions, Journal, June–October 1847; George B. Wallace, Journal, June–October 1847; Charles C. Rich, Journal, June–October 1847; William C. Staines, Journal, June–October 1847; Leonora Cannon Taylor, Journal, June–October 1847; Eliza R. Snow, Journal, June–October 1847; Jesse W. Crosby, Journal, June–October 1847; John Smith, Journal, June–October 1847; all in LDS Church Archives.

52. Wilford Woodruff, Journal, 4 September 1847, LDS Church Archives. Minimal punctuation added.

53. Ibid.; Thomas Bullock, Journal, 4 September 1847, LDS Church Archives; Horace K. Whitney, Journal, 4 September 1847, LDS Church Archives.

54. Woodruff, Journal, 5–8 September 1847; Whitney, Journal, 5–8 September 1847.

55. Meetings, 16 November–3 December 1847, Miscellaneous Minutes of Quorum of the Twelve, Brigham Young Papers.

Stephen F. Pratt

BYU Studies Publications